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Krabi-krabong ((タイ語:กระบี่กระบอง), (:krabìː krabɔ̄ːŋ)) is a weapon-based martial art from Thailand. It is closely related to other Southeast Asian fighting styles such as Malay silat, Burmese banshay and Cambodian kbach kun boran. The royal bodyguard corps of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) are said to be highly trained in krabi-krabong. The system's name refers to its main weapons, namely the curved sword (''krabi'') and staff (''krabong''). Typically, two swords are wielded as a pair. Unarmed krabi-krabong (muay boran) makes use of kicks, pressure point strikes, joint locks, holds, and throws. The weapons of krabi-krabong include the following: * กระบี่ ''Krabi'': sabre/single-edge sword * กระบอง ''Krabong'': staff/pole * ดาบสองมือ ''Daab song mue'': double swords, one in each hand * โล่ ''Lo'': shield/buckler made from wood or buffalo hide * พลอง ''Phlong'': stick/ cudgel, usually either paired or used with a shield * ง้าว ''Ngao'' or ''Ngau'': bladed staff * ไม้ศอก ''Mai sok san'': a pair of clubs worn on the forearms ==Origins== Krabi-krabong was developed by the ancient Siamese warriors for fighting on the battlefield. It was likely used in conjunction with muay boran but whether the two arts were developed together or independently is uncertain. Early warfare in Indochina was mostly between rival kingdoms and were fought en masse. Individual fighters were armoured and carried rhino hide shields. The Burmese invasion of 1767 resulted in the loss of many historical records and cultural documents. Among these are known to have been works on muay boran, massage, swordsmanship and club-fighting. As a result, aspects of earlier Siamese history - including the country's fighting systems - must often be gleaned from elsewhere. Archaeological findings and classical dances bear testament to the myriad of weapons that were once used in Thailand. Some of them are no longer found in the country's martial arts today, such as the ''kris'' (dagger), ''hawk'' (spear), ''trisul'' (either long or short-handled trident), ''daab'' (straight sword) and vajra. Entire dances were built on individual weapons, and calisthenics used by the modern Thai military are still based on these dances. The weapons, their design and the pre-fight war dance in krabi-krabong show evidence of Indian derivation combined with Chinese characteristics. South Indian scholars, holymen, settlers and traders were especially influential in the evolution of Thai culture and martial arts. The Tamil stick-fighting style of silambam was of particular importance to the history of numerous Southeast Asian fighting systems. During the colonial period, silambam became more common in Southeast Asia than in India where it was banned by the British rulers.〔Crego, Robert (2003). ''Sports and Games of the 18th and 19th Centuries'' pg 32. Greenwood Press〕 Elephants were an integral part of warfare in Siam. They would commonly be mounted by higher-ranking warriors like generals or royalty. To choose a successor to Int'araja I, his two sons fought on elephants. Krabi-krabong was often practiced by the palace mahouts or elephant trainers. From the back of an elephant, archers could shoot arrows at enemies below or, if he was wielding a polearm, engage in hand-to-hand combat with another mounted fighter. After the 15th-century introduction of gunpowder, elephants served as tanks with cannons mounted on their backs. The legs were the war-elephant's weak spot, so they had to be guarded by up to four foot soldiers. Although mahouts no longer practice martial arts, reenactments of such battles are staged by performers who are often from families that have been training elephants since the Ayutthayan period. As Indochinese trade extended to Japan, small communities of Japanese people were living and trading around the region. After the Battle Of Sekigahara in 1600, many of those from the losing side of the war came to Siam. Others were pirates or official traders who arrived on the Red Seal Ships. The Japanese fled Ayutthaya after the Burmese invaded in 1767 but they left their influence on the local fighting arts. Many of the techniques, stances, weapons and throws of krabi-krabong are similar to those found in jujutsu and various Japanese weapon arts. In Thailand, as with other countries in Southern and Southeast Asia, monks acted as teachers to their local community. Young boys would be sent to the temples where, aside from learning about Buddhism, they would be taught subjects ranging from languages to astrology. One such establishment was the Buddhaisawan Temple in Ayutthaya where the monks taught sword-fighting to their students. The origin of these monks is unknown but they are believed to have come from the kingdom of Lanna in northern Thailand. The modern Buddhaisawan Sword Fighting Institute was led by Sumai Mesamana until his death in 1998. His son Pramote Mesamana began training in krabi-krabong at the age of 6. According to the younger Mesamana, the art was passed down in his family from father to son ever since the Ayutthayan era. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Krabi-krabong」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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